UMAR, I. Umer Chapra - Muslim Civilization: The Causes of Decline and the Need for Reform. ICR Journal, [S. l.], v. 1, n. 2, p. 371–374, 2009. DOI: 10.52282/icr.v1i2.757. Disponível em: https://www.icrjournal.org/index.php/icr/article/view/757. Acesso em: 26 oct. 2025.